Compare Saint Kitts and Nevis (2004) - Saint Helena (2005)

Compare Saint Kitts and Nevis (2004) z Saint Helena (2005)

	Saint Kitts and Nevis (2004)	Saint Helena (2005)

Administrative divisions	14 parishes; Christ Church Nichola Town, Saint Anne Sandy Point, Saint George Basseterre, Saint George Gingerland, Saint James Windward, Saint John Capesterre, Saint John Figtree, Saint Mary Cayon, Saint Paul Capesterre, Saint Paul Charlestown, Saint Peter Basseterre, Saint Thomas Lowland, Saint Thomas Middle Island, Trinity Palmetto Point	1 administrative area and 2 dependencies; Ascension, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha*
Age structure	0-14 years: 28.6% (male 5,675; female 5,422) 15-64 years: 63% (male 12,242; female 12,236) 65 years and over: 8.4% (male 1,349; female 1,912) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 18.8% (male 715/female 691) 15-64 years: 71.3% (male 2,745/female 2,575) 65 years and over: 9.8% (male 330/female 404) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	sugarcane, rice, yams, vegetables, bananas; fish	corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on Tristan da Cunha)
Airports	2 (2003 est.)	1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 261 sq km (Saint Kitts 168 sq km; Nevis 93 sq km) land: 261 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 410 sq km land: 410 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Saint Helena Island, Ascension, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha, which consists of Tristan da Cunha Island, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, and the three Nightingale Islands
Area - comparative	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background	First settled by the British in 1623, the islands became an associated state with full internal autonomy in 1967. The island of Anguilla rebelled and was allowed to secede in 1971. Saint Kitts and Nevis achieved independence in 1983. In 1998, a vote in Nevis on a referendum to separate from Saint Kitts fell short of the two-thirds majority needed. Nevis is once more trying to separate from the Saint Kitts.	Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, Saint Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Ascension Island is the site of a US Air Force auxiliary airfield; Gough Island has a meteorological station.
Birth rate	18.26 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	12.33 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $89.7 million expenditures: $128.2 million, including capital expenditures of $19.5 million (2003 est.)	revenues: $11.2 million expenditures: $11 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY92/93)
Capital	Basseterre	Jamestown
Climate	tropical tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)	Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)
Coastline	135 km	60 km
Constitution	19 September 1983	1 January 1989
Country name	conventional long form: Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis conventional short form: Saint Kitts and Nevis former: Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Saint Helena
Currency	East Caribbean dollar (XCD)	-
Death rate	8.65 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	6.43 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$171 million (2001)	NA (1996)
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Saint Kitts and Nevis; the US Ambassador to Barbados, Ambassador Mary E. KRAMER, is accredited to Saint Kitts and Nevis	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Dr. Izben Cordinal WILLIAMS chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016 telephone: [1] (202) 686-2636 FAX: [1] (202) 686-5740 consulate(s) general: New York	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under UNCLOS, which permits Venezuela to extend its EEZ/continental shelf over a large portion of the Caribbean Sea	none
Economic aid - recipient	$8 million (2001)	$12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997)
Economy - overview	Sugar was the traditional mainstay of the Saint Kitts economy until the 1970s. Although the crop still dominates the agricultural sector, activities such as tourism, export-oriented manufacturing, and offshore banking have assumed larger roles in the economy. As tourism revenues are now the chief source of the islands' foreign exchange, a decline in stopover tourist arrivals following the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks has eroded government finances. The opening of a 1,000+ bed Marriott hotel in February 2003 was expected to bring in much-needed revenue.	The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, raising livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK.
Electricity - consumption	93.26 million kWh (2001)	4.65 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	100.3 million kWh (2001)	5 million kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Liamuiga 1,156 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	predominantly black; some British, Portuguese, and Lebanese	African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25%
Exchange rates	East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001), 2.7 (2000), 2.7 (1999)	Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002), 0.6947 (2001), 0.6609 (2000) note: the Saint Helenian pound is on par with the British pound
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Cuthbert Montraville SEBASTIAN (since 1 January 1996) head of government: Prime Minister Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS (since 6 July 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sam CONDOR (since 6 July 1995) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general in consultation with the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief Michael CLANCY (since 15 October 2004) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, two ex officio officers, and six elected members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch
Exports	NA (2001)	NA
Exports - commodities	machinery, food, electronics, beverages, tobacco	fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts
Exports - partners	US 61.4%, UK 15.7%, Canada 8.6%, Germany 4.3% (2003)	Tanzania 30.3%, US 23.8%, Japan 10.4%, UK 7.1%, Spain 6.3% (2004)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	divided diagonally from the lower hoist side by a broad black band bearing two white, five-pointed stars; the black band is edged in yellow; the upper triangle is green, the lower triangle is red	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship
GDP	purchasing power parity - $339 million (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 3.5% industry: 25.8% services: 70.7% (2001)	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $8,800 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $2,500 (1998 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-1.9% (2002 est.)	NA
Geographic coordinates	17 20 N, 62 45 W	15 56 S, 5 42 W
Geography - note	with coastlines in the shape of a baseball bat and ball, the two volcanic islands are separated by a three-km-wide channel called The Narrows; on the southern tip of long, baseball bat-shaped Saint Kitts lies the Great Salt Pond; Nevis Peak sits in the center of its almost circular namesake island and its ball shape complements that of its sister island	harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns
Highways	total: 320 km paved: 136 km unpaved: 184 km (1999 est)	total: 198 km (Saint Helena 138 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 20 km) paved: 168 km (Saint Helena 118km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km) unpaved: 30 km (Saint Helena 20 km, Ascension 0 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km) (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; some money-laundering activity	-
Imports	NA (2001)	NA
Imports - commodities	machinery, manufactures, food, fuels	food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts
Imports - partners	US 35.7%, Italy 16.1%, Trinidad and Tobago 14.5%, UK 6.4%, Denmark 5.2%, Canada 4.4% (2003)	UK 35.7%, US 17.6%, South Africa 17.5%, Tanzania 10.4%, Australia 5.5%, Spain 4.1% (2004)
Independence	19 September 1983 (from UK)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA	NA
Industries	sugar processing, tourism, cotton, salt, copra, clothing, footwear, beverages	construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing
Infant mortality rate	total: 14.94 deaths/1,000 live births male: 16.72 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	total: 19 deaths/1,000 live births male: 22.74 deaths/1,000 live births female: 15.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.7% (2001 est.)	3.2% (1997 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, MIGA, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO	ICFTU, UPU
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Kitts and Nevis)	Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court; Juvenile Court
Labor force	18,170 (June 1995)	3,500 note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	NA	agriculture and fishing 6%, industry (mainly construction) 48%, services 46% (1987 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 19.44% permanent crops: 2.78% other: 77.78% (2001)	arable land: 12.9% permanent crops: 0% other: 87.1% (2001)
Languages	English	English
Legal system	based on English common law	NA
Legislative branch	unicameral National Assembly (14 seats, 3 appointed and 11 popularly elected from single-member constituencies; members serve five-year terms) elections: last held 25 October 2004 (next to be held by 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - SKNLP 7, CCM 2, NRP 1, PAM 1	unicameral Legislative Council (16 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 27 June 2001 (next to be held June 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 15
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 71.86 years male: 69.03 years female: 74.86 years (2004 est.)	total population: 77.76 years male: 74.86 years female: 80.81 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 97% male: 97% female: 98% (1980 est.)	definition: age 20 and over can read and write total population: 97% male: 97% female: 98% (1987 est.)
Location	Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, about one-third of the way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago	islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Africa
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	none	-
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	Saint Kitts and Nevis Defense Force (including Coast Guard), Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Police Force (including Special Service Unit)	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 19 September (1983)	Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)
Nationality	noun: Kittitian(s), Nevisian(s) adjective: Kittitian, Nevisian	noun: Saint Helenian(s) adjective: Saint Helenian
Natural hazards	hurricanes (July to October)	active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha
Natural resources	arable land	fish
Net migration rate	-7.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Vance AMORY]; Nevis Reformation Party or NRP [Joseph PARRY]; People's Action Movement or PAM [Lindsey GRANT]; Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor Party or SKNLP [Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS]	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	none
Population	38,836 (July 2004 est.)	7,460 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	NA
Population growth rate	0.25% (2004 est.)	0.59% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	Basseterre, Charlestown	Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown
Radio broadcast stations	AM 3, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2004)	AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways	total: 50 km narrow gauge: 50 km 0.762-m gauge on Saint Kitts to serve sugarcane plantations during harvest season (2003)	-
Religions	Anglican, other Protestant, Roman Catholic	Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	NA years of age
Telephone system	general assessment: good interisland and international connections domestic: inter-island links to Antigua and Barbuda and Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) are handled by VHF/UHF/SHF radiotelephone international: country code - 1-869; international calls are carried by radiotelephone to Antigua and Barbuda and switched there to submarine cable or to Intelsat; or carried to Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) by radiotelephone and switched to Intelsat	general assessment: can communicate worldwide domestic: automatic network international: country code - 290; HF radiotelephone from Saint Helena to Ascension Island, which is a major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	23,500 (2002)	2,200 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	5,000 (2002)	0 (1997)
Television broadcast stations	1 (plus three repeaters) (2004)	0 note: television programs are received in Saint Helena via satellite and distributed by cable (2002)
Terrain	volcanic with mountainous interiors	Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains note: the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin
Total fertility rate	2.35 children born/woman (2004 est.)	1.54 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	4.5% (1997)	14% (1998 est.)

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